For sustainable development often radical changes at various levels are needed. Not only various groups of actors need to change their practices and to redefine their relationships and roles; the underlying institutions need to be challenged or reframed too. We therefore have developed the M&E approach 'Reflexive Monitoring in Action (RMA)' that supports challenging current modes of thinking, practices and institutions and thus facilitates system learning. RMA is a coherent but not rigidly defined body of basic starting points, principles, attitudes and a set of tools (see RMA guide, van Mierlo et al (2010b) http://www.com.wur.nl/UK/publications/RF). Our plea is to support networks of actors to challenge systems and to develop radically new visions and practices; with other words to support a reconstruction of reality. During the Conference we will share some of our experiences with RMA and one of its tools Collective System Analysis.